Emphysema in the elderly is a pathological state that occurs in the lungs of the elderly and is caused by primary conditions such as chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, and extensive bronchiectasis, the vast majority of which originate from chronic bronchitis. Emphysema occurs slowly, with no symptoms in the early stage, or only coughing and sputum production. After the development of the disease, patients may feel dyspnea and shortness of breath after exercise, and gradually experience breathing difficulties when they continue to develop, and some patients also feel dyspnea at rest, some have purple lips, and symptoms such as chills, fever, pus sputum production, loss of appetite, general weakness and epigastric fullness appear in winter. So, how should patients with emphysema be treated with exercise?
1. Breathing exercise
Geriatric emphysema is characterized by slow onset and a long disease course, with alternating periods of stabilization and exacerbation. Exercise for emphysema patients is particularly important in the course of disease treatment. Reasonable exercise can improve the cardiopulmonary function of patients, enhance the resistance of the muscles to disease, and prevent diseases such as colds and upper respiratory tract infections.
Patients with emphysema should strive to be active outdoors, walk if they can walk, briskly walk if they can briskly walk, and the key is to act according to their ability and to adapt to local and seasonal conditions. As long as you practice consistently, you will receive significant results.
The method of practicing abdominal breathing is: the patient chooses a comfortable position, and pays attention to relaxing the muscles of the shoulders and back, starting with exhalation. When breathing, the mouth and lips are slightly contracted, and the gas is slowly (consciously and carefully exhaled) blown out through the mouth, while the upper abdomen slowly sinks. When inhaling, the mouth is closed, through the nasal cavity slowly deep inhalation, the abdomen then rises, and inhalation can pause for a moment before exhaling.
The training of abdominal breathing can increase the up and down activities of the diaphragm, breathing deep and slow, can significantly improve the ventilation function and ventilation function, and is very beneficial to patients with emphysema.
2. Walking exercise
It can be divided into two kinds of walking and fast walking, and can also alternate between rapid walking and slow walking, that is to say, walking at a faster speed for half a minute, and then walking slowly for one minute, which can be adhered to for about 30 minutes a day, adjusting the speed and time of exercise at the beginning according to physical strength, and gradually increasing the amount of exercise.
3. Jogging
Running speed can be gradually increased from 30-50 meters per minute to 100-200 meters per minute, running and walking can be alternated, and it is appropriate to be able to talk to others while running, without the feeling of shortness of breath, generally not more than 30 minutes per run.
4. Taijiquan
It is a physical and mental exercise method based on traditional Chinese medicine theory, which can regulate breathing and improve lung function, but during exercise, you should not focus entirely on breathing regulation but should follow nature.
5. Sports therapy
5.1 Sitting: sitting, both elbows slightly bent, both hands on the abdomen, inhale through the nose while bulging the abdomen, both arms outstretched slowly and slowly blow the air out through the mouth, the abdomen is concave, both hands press the abdomen.
5.2 Vertical: legs open and shoulder width, both elbows slightly flexed, both hands on the abdomen, inhale through the nose and bulge the abdomen, while the two arms abducted to the side of the body 45 degrees slowly and slowly exhale to close the abdomen, while the two arms inward, both hands press the abdomen, the upper body slightly bent forward.
5.3 Marching: walk slowly, cross the two arms in front of the body, exhale and bulge the abdomen, while the two arms are abducted close to shoulder level, slowly exhale, and the two arms return to cross the body.
In order to establish confidence in exercise, the following methods of self-measurement can be used: ① Step test: find equal height and number of steps of 2-3 floors, after ascending the self-perception of gasping for air. Often do the feeling comparison. ② blowing candle test: light a candle, breathe in enough to blow out the candle, note the distance from the mouth this time, exercise for a period of time to put the candle farther away, breathe in enough to blow out the candle, see if it can blow out. Gradually put the candle distance to blow far away to confirm the degree of progress of their lung capacity.
The above methods of exercising lung function can be chosen in 1-2 ways according to personal circumstances. Exercise 2 times a day, about half an hour each time. Should choose fresh air child with the environment to practice, adhere to six months later, wheezing can be significantly reduced.